美国入籍公民考试题库：中英对照答案与讲解
收录 USCIS 官方公民考试的全部题目，每题都有标准答案、中文翻译和简短讲解。2025 年 10 月 20 日当天或之后递交 N-400 的人考 2025 版（128 题），之前递交的考 2008 版（100 题）。
2025 版公民考试 · 128 题2008 版公民考试 · 100 题
2025 版公民考试 128 题
美国政府
美国政府的原则 15 题
- 1美国的政体是什么？What is the form of government of the United States?
- 2什么是国家的最高法律？What is the supreme law of the land?★
- 3说出美国宪法的一项作用。Name one thing the U.S. Constitution does.
- 4美国宪法以“我们人民”（We the People）开头。“我们人民”是什么意思？The U.S. Constitution starts with the words “We the People.” What does “We the People” mean?
- 5如何修改美国宪法？How are changes made to the U.S. Constitution?
- 6《权利法案》保护什么？What does the Bill of Rights protect?
- 7美国宪法有多少条修正案？How many amendments does the U.S. Constitution have?★
- 8为什么《独立宣言》很重要？Why is the Declaration of Independence important?
- 9哪份建国文件宣布美洲殖民地脱离英国、获得自由？What founding document said the American colonies were free from Britain?
- 10说出《独立宣言》和美国宪法中的两个重要理念。Name two important ideas from the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution.
- 11“生命、自由和追求幸福”这句话出自哪份建国文件？The words “Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness” are in what founding document?
- 12美国的经济制度是什么？What is the economic system of the United States?★
- 13什么是法治？What is the rule of law?
- 14许多文件影响了美国宪法。说出其中一份。Many documents influenced the U.S. Constitution. Name one.
- 15政府有三个部门。为什么？There are three branches of government. Why?
政府体制 47 题
- 16说出政府的三个部门。Name the three branches of government.
- 17美国总统负责政府的哪个部门？The President of the United States is in charge of which branch of government?
- 18联邦政府的哪个部分制定法律？What part of the federal government writes laws?
- 19美国国会由哪两部分组成？What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?
- 20说出美国国会的一项权力。Name one power of the U.S. Congress.★
- 21美国有多少名联邦参议员？How many U.S. senators are there?
- 22美国联邦参议员的任期是多久？How long is a term for a U.S. senator?
- 23你所在州现任的美国联邦参议员之一是谁？Who is one of your state’s U.S. senators now?
- 24众议院有多少名有投票权的议员？How many voting members are in the House of Representatives?
- 25众议员的任期是多久？How long is a term for a member of the House of Representatives?
- 26为什么美国众议员的任期比参议员短？Why do U.S. representatives serve shorter terms than U.S. senators?
- 27每个州有几名联邦参议员？How many senators does each state have?
- 28为什么每个州有两名联邦参议员？Why does each state have two senators?
- 29说出你的美国联邦众议员的名字。Name your U.S. representative.
- 30现任众议院议长叫什么名字？What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?★
- 31美国联邦参议员代表谁？Who does a U.S. senator represent?
- 32谁选举美国联邦参议员？Who elects U.S. senators?
- 33众议员代表谁？Who does a member of the House of Representatives represent?
- 34谁选举众议员？Who elects members of the House of Representatives?
- 35有些州的众议员比其他州多。为什么？Some states have more representatives than other states. Why?
- 36美国总统的任期是几年？The President of the United States is elected for how many years?★
- 37美国总统最多只能连任两届。为什么？The President of the United States can serve only two terms. Why?
- 38现任美国总统叫什么名字？What is the name of the President of the United States now?★
- 39现任美国副总统叫什么名字？What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?★
- 40如果总统不能再履职，谁将成为总统？If the president can no longer serve, who becomes president?
- 41说出总统的一项权力。Name one power of the president.
- 42谁是美国军队的三军统帅？Who is Commander in Chief of the U.S. military?
- 43谁签署法案使之成为法律？Who signs bills to become laws?
- 44谁否决法案？Who vetoes bills?★
- 45谁任命联邦法官？Who appoints federal judges?
- 46行政部门有许多组成部分。说出其中一个。The executive branch has many parts. Name one.
- 47总统内阁的职责是什么？What does the President’s Cabinet do?
- 48说出两个内阁级职位。What are two Cabinet-level positions?
- 49为什么选举人团很重要？Why is the Electoral College important?
- 50司法部门的一个组成部分是什么？What is one part of the judicial branch?
- 51司法部门的职责是什么？What does the judicial branch do?
- 52美国的最高法院是哪个？What is the highest court in the United States?★
- 53最高法院有几个席位？How many seats are on the Supreme Court?
- 54通常需要几位最高法院大法官才能对案件作出裁决？How many Supreme Court justices are usually needed to decide a case?
- 55最高法院大法官任期多久？How long do Supreme Court justices serve?
- 56最高法院大法官是终身任职的。为什么？Supreme Court justices serve for life. Why?
- 57现任美国首席大法官是谁？Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?
- 58说出一项只属于联邦政府的权力。Name one power that is only for the federal government.
- 59说出一项只属于各州的权力。Name one power that is only for the states.
- 60第十修正案的目的是什么？What is the purpose of the 10th Amendment?
- 61你所在州的现任州长是谁？Who is the governor of your state now?★
- 62你所在州的首府是哪里？What is the capital of your state?
权利与责任 10 题
- 63美国宪法中有四条关于谁可以投票的修正案。描述其中一条。There are four amendments to the U.S. Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.
- 64在美国，谁可以在联邦选举中投票、竞选联邦公职并担任陪审员？Who can vote in federal elections, run for federal office, and serve on a jury in the United States?
- 65说出在美国生活的所有人都享有的三项权利。What are three rights of everyone living in the United States?
- 66当我们诵读效忠誓词时，我们效忠的是什么？What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?★
- 67说出新公民在入籍效忠宣誓中作出的两项承诺。Name two promises that new citizens make in the Oath of Allegiance.
- 68人们如何成为美国公民？How can people become United States citizens?
- 69举出两个在美国参与公民事务的例子。What are two examples of civic participation in the United States?
- 70美国人为国家服务的一种方式是什么？What is one way Americans can serve their country?
- 71为什么缴纳联邦税很重要？Why is it important to pay federal taxes?
- 72所有 18 至 25 岁的男性都应进行义务兵役登记（Selective Service）。说出一个原因。It is important for all men age 18 through 25 to register for the Selective Service. Name one reason why.
美国历史
殖民时期与独立 17 题
- 73殖民者来到美洲有很多原因。说出一个。The colonists came to America for many reasons. Name one.
- 74在欧洲人到来之前，谁居住在美洲？Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?★
- 75哪一群人被掳掠并被当作奴隶贩卖？What group of people was taken and sold as slaves?
- 76美国人为了脱离英国独立打了哪场战争？What war did the Americans fight to win independence from Britain?
- 77说出美国人宣布脱离英国独立的一个原因。Name one reason why the Americans declared independence from Britain.
- 78谁起草了《独立宣言》？Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?★
- 79《独立宣言》是何时通过的？When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?
- 80美国革命中有许多重要事件。说出一个。The American Revolution had many important events. Name one.
- 81最初有 13 个州。说出其中五个。There were 13 original states. Name five.
- 82哪份建国文件写于 1787 年？What founding document was written in 1787?
- 83《联邦党人文集》支持通过美国宪法。说出其中一位作者。The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.
- 84为什么《联邦党人文集》很重要？Why were the Federalist Papers important?
- 85本杰明·富兰克林（Benjamin Franklin）因许多事情而闻名。说出一件。Benjamin Franklin is famous for many things. Name one.
- 86乔治·华盛顿（George Washington）因许多事情而闻名。说出一件。George Washington is famous for many things. Name one.★
- 87托马斯·杰斐逊（Thomas Jefferson）因许多事情而闻名。说出一件。Thomas Jefferson is famous for many things. Name one.
- 88詹姆斯·麦迪逊（James Madison）因许多事情而闻名。说出一件。James Madison is famous for many things. Name one.
- 89亚历山大·汉密尔顿（Alexander Hamilton）因许多事情而闻名。说出一件。Alexander Hamilton is famous for many things. Name one.
19 世纪 10 题
- 90美国在 1803 年从法国购买了哪块领土？What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?
- 91说出一场美国在 19 世纪（1800 年代）参加的战争。Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s.
- 92说出美国南方与北方之间的战争。Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.
- 93南北战争中有许多重要事件。说出一个。The Civil War had many important events. Name one.
- 94亚伯拉罕·林肯（Abraham Lincoln）因许多事情而闻名。说出一件。Abraham Lincoln is famous for many things. Name one.★
- 95《解放黑人奴隶宣言》起了什么作用？What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
- 96美国的哪场战争结束了奴隶制？What U.S. war ended slavery?
- 97哪条修正案规定：所有在美国出生或归化并受其管辖的人都是美国公民？What amendment says all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are U.S. citizens?
- 98所有男性何时获得了投票权？When did all men get the right to vote?
- 99说出一位 19 世纪（1800 年代）女权运动的领袖。Name one leader of the women’s rights movement in the 1800s.
近代美国历史及其他重要史实 19 题
- 100说出一场美国在 20 世纪（1900 年代）参加的战争。Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.
- 101美国为什么参加第一次世界大战？Why did the United States enter World War I?
- 102所有女性何时获得了投票权？When did all women get the right to vote?
- 103什么是大萧条？What was the Great Depression?
- 104大萧条是何时开始的？When did the Great Depression start?
- 105大萧条和第二次世界大战期间的总统是谁？Who was president during the Great Depression and World War II?
- 106美国为什么参加第二次世界大战？Why did the United States enter World War II?
- 107德怀特·艾森豪威尔（Dwight Eisenhower）因许多事情而闻名。说出一件。Dwight Eisenhower is famous for many things. Name one.
- 108冷战期间美国的主要对手是谁？Who was the United States’ main rival during the Cold War?
- 109冷战期间，美国的一个主要担忧是什么？During the Cold War, what was one main concern of the United States?
- 110美国为什么参加朝鲜战争？Why did the United States enter the Korean War?
- 111美国为什么参加越南战争？Why did the United States enter the Vietnam War?
- 112民权运动做了什么？What did the civil rights movement do?
- 113小马丁·路德·金（Martin Luther King, Jr.）因许多事情而闻名。说出一件。Martin Luther King, Jr. is famous for many things. Name one.★
- 114美国为什么参加波斯湾战争（海湾战争）？Why did the United States enter the Persian Gulf War?
- 1152001 年 9 月 11 日美国发生了什么重大事件？What major event happened on September 11, 2001 in the United States?★
- 116说出一场 2001 年 9·11 袭击之后美国参与的军事冲突。Name one U.S. military conflict after the September 11, 2001 attacks.
- 117说出一个美国的美洲印第安部落。Name one American Indian tribe in the United States.
- 118举出一项美国的发明创新。Name one example of an American innovation.
象征与节日
国家象征 6 题
- 119美国的首都是哪里？What is the capital of the United States?
- 120自由女神像在哪里？Where is the Statue of Liberty?
- 121为什么国旗上有 13 道条纹？Why does the flag have 13 stripes?★
- 122为什么国旗上有 50 颗星？Why does the flag have 50 stars?
- 123美国国歌叫什么名字？What is the name of the national anthem?
- 124美国最早的格言是“E Pluribus Unum”。它是什么意思？The Nation’s first motto was “E Pluribus Unum.” What does that mean?
2008 版公民考试 100 题
美国政府
美国政府的原则 12 题
- 1什么是国家的最高法律？What is the supreme law of the land?
- 2宪法的作用是什么？What does the Constitution do?
- 3自治的理念体现在宪法开头的三个词中。这三个词是什么？The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words?
- 4什么是修正案？What is an amendment?
- 5宪法的前十条修正案叫什么？What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?
- 6说出第一修正案规定的一项权利或自由。What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment?★
- 7宪法有多少条修正案？How many amendments does the Constitution have?
- 8《独立宣言》做了什么？What did the Declaration of Independence do?
- 9说出《独立宣言》中的两项权利。What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence?
- 10什么是宗教自由？What is freedom of religion?
- 11美国的经济制度是什么？What is the economic system in the United States?★
- 12什么是“法治”？What is the “rule of law”?
政府体制 35 题
- 13说出政府的一个部门或组成部分。Name one branch or part of the government.★
- 14什么能防止政府的某一个部门权力过大？What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?
- 15谁负责行政部门？Who is in charge of the executive branch?
- 16谁制定联邦法律？Who makes federal laws?
- 17美国国会由哪两部分组成？What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?★
- 18美国有多少名联邦参议员？How many U.S. Senators are there?
- 19我们选出的美国联邦参议员任期几年？We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?
- 20你所在州现任的美国联邦参议员之一是谁？Who is one of your state’s U.S. Senators now?★
- 21众议院有多少名有投票权的议员？The House of Representatives has how many voting members?
- 22我们选出的美国众议员任期几年？We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?
- 23说出你的美国联邦众议员的名字。Name your U.S. Representative.
- 24美国联邦参议员代表谁？Who does a U.S. Senator represent?
- 25为什么有些州的众议员比其他州多？Why do some states have more Representatives than other states?
- 26我们选出的总统任期几年？We elect a President for how many years?
- 27我们在哪个月份投票选举总统？In what month do we vote for President?★
- 28现任美国总统叫什么名字？What is the name of the President of the United States now?★
- 29现任美国副总统叫什么名字？What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?
- 30如果总统不能再履职，谁将成为总统？If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?
- 31如果总统和副总统都不能再履职，谁将成为总统？If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?
- 32谁是军队的三军统帅？Who is the Commander in Chief of the military?
- 33谁签署法案使之成为法律？Who signs bills to become laws?
- 34谁否决法案？Who vetoes bills?
- 35总统内阁的职责是什么？What does the President’s Cabinet do?
- 36说出两个内阁级职位。What are two Cabinet-level positions?
- 37司法部门的职责是什么？What does the judicial branch do?
- 38美国的最高法院是哪个？What is the highest court in the United States?
- 39最高法院有多少位大法官？How many justices are on the Supreme Court?
- 40现任美国首席大法官是谁？Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?
- 41根据宪法，有些权力属于联邦政府。说出联邦政府的一项权力。Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government?
- 42根据宪法，有些权力属于各州。说出各州的一项权力。Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?
- 43你所在州的现任州长是谁？Who is the Governor of your state now?
- 44你所在州的首府是哪里？What is the capital of your state?★
- 45美国的两大政党是什么？What are the two major political parties in the United States?★
- 46现任总统属于哪个政党？What is the political party of the President now?
- 47现任众议院议长叫什么名字？What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?
权利与责任 10 题
- 48宪法中有四条关于谁可以投票的修正案。描述其中一条。There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.
- 49说出一项只有美国公民才承担的责任。What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens?★
- 50说出一项只有美国公民才享有的权利。Name one right only for United States citizens.
- 51说出在美国生活的所有人都享有的两项权利。What are two rights of everyone living in the United States?
- 52当我们诵读效忠誓词时，我们效忠的是什么？What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?
- 53成为美国公民时，你要作出的一项承诺是什么？What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen?
- 54公民必须年满几岁才能投票选举总统？How old do citizens have to be to vote for President?★
- 55说出美国人参与民主的两种方式。What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy?
- 56寄出联邦所得税申报表的最后一天是哪天？When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms?★
- 57所有男性必须在什么时候进行义务兵役登记（Selective Service）？When must all men register for the Selective Service?
美国历史
殖民时期与独立 13 题
- 58殖民者来到美洲的一个原因是什么？What is one reason colonists came to America?
- 59在欧洲人到来之前，谁居住在美洲？Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?
- 60哪一群人被带到美洲并被当作奴隶贩卖？What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves?
- 61殖民者为什么与英国人作战？Why did the colonists fight the British?
- 62谁起草了《独立宣言》？Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
- 63《独立宣言》是何时通过的？When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?
- 64最初有 13 个州。说出其中三个。There were 13 original states. Name three.
- 65制宪会议上发生了什么？What happened at the Constitutional Convention?
- 66宪法是何时起草的？When was the Constitution written?
- 67《联邦党人文集》支持通过美国宪法。说出其中一位作者。The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.
- 68本杰明·富兰克林（Benjamin Franklin）因什么而闻名？说出一项。What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for?
- 69谁是“国父”（Father of Our Country）？Who is the “Father of Our Country”?
- 70谁是第一任总统？Who was the first President?★
19 世纪 7 题
- 71美国在 1803 年从法国购买了哪块领土？What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?
- 72说出一场美国在 19 世纪（1800 年代）参加的战争。Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s.
- 73说出美国南方与北方之间的战争。Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.
- 74说出导致南北战争的一个问题。Name one problem that led to the Civil War.
- 75亚伯拉罕·林肯做过的一件重要的事是什么？What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did?★
- 76《解放黑人奴隶宣言》起了什么作用？What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
- 77苏珊·B·安东尼（Susan B. Anthony）做了什么？What did Susan B. Anthony do?
近代美国历史及其他重要史实 10 题
- 78说出一场美国在 20 世纪（1900 年代）参加的战争。Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.★
- 79第一次世界大战期间的总统是谁？Who was President during World War I?
- 80大萧条和第二次世界大战期间的总统是谁？Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II?
- 81美国在第二次世界大战中与谁作战？Who did the United States fight in World War II?
- 82艾森豪威尔在当总统之前是一位将军。他参加了哪场战争？Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in?
- 83冷战期间，美国主要担忧的是什么？During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States?
- 84哪场运动致力于结束种族歧视？What movement tried to end racial discrimination?
- 85小马丁·路德·金（Martin Luther King, Jr.）做了什么？What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do?★
- 862001 年 9 月 11 日美国发生了什么重大事件？What major event happened on September 11, 2001, in the United States?
- 87说出一个美国的美洲印第安部落。Name one American Indian tribe in the United States.
综合公民知识
地理 8 题
- 88说出美国两条最长河流中的一条。Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States.
- 89美国西海岸濒临哪个大洋？What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States?
- 90美国东海岸濒临哪个大洋？What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States?
- 91说出一个美国领地。Name one U.S. territory.
- 92说出一个与加拿大接壤的州。Name one state that borders Canada.
- 93说出一个与墨西哥接壤的州。Name one state that borders Mexico.
- 94美国的首都是哪里？What is the capital of the United States?★
- 95自由女神像在哪里？Where is the Statue of Liberty?★